Representing Robot-Environment Interactions

This article presents a method, which enables an autonomous mobile robot to create an internal representation of the external world. The elements of this internal representation are the dynamical features of a neuro-controller and their time regime during the interaction of the robot with its environment. As an examples of this method the behavior of a Khepera robot is studied, which is controlled by a recurrent neural network. This controller has been evolved to solve an obstacle avoidance task. Analytical investigations show that this recurrent controller has four behavior relevant attractors, which can be directly related to the following environmental categories: free space, obstacle left/right, and deadlock situation. Temporal sequences of those attractors, which occur during a run of the robot are used to characterize the robot-environment interaction. To represent the temporal sequences a technique, called macro-action maps, is applied. Experiments indicate that macro-action maps allow to built up more complex environmental categories and enable an autonomous mobile robot to solve navigation tasks. ∗in: M.V. Butz, O. Sigaud, P. Gérard (Eds.), Anticipatory Behavior in Adaptive Learning Systems, LNAI 2684, Springer, Berlin 2003, pp. 222-242.